'Other serious violations of the laws and customs - NIAC' in document 'Denmark - Military Penal Code'

Jump to:

RELEVANT SECTIONS OF THE IMPLEMENTING LEGISLATION

Chapter 2
Special part

Other types of crime during armed conflict

§36 Anybody who during armed conflict deliberately abuses or does not respect characteristics or designations reserved for people, equipment and materials designated to provide help to people who are wounded or ill shall be punished with imprisonment for life.
(2) Anybody who deliberately uses war methods or procedures contrary to an international agreement signed by Denmark or international customary law shall be punished similarly.

§37 Punishment by imprisonment for up to six years for plundering shall be imposed on anybody who in order to obtain for himself/herself or others unjustified benefits by exploiting the fear of war or the fear of the forces to which the person in question belongs, deliberately
1) takes or steals a tangible object from a stranger
2) brings such a stolen object to safety or
3) forces anybody to commit an act or an omission which will lead to loss of property for the person attacked or for anybody on whose behalf such a person is acting.
(2) The punishment can be extended to ten years’ imprisonment when the plundering is of a particularly grave nature, mainly because of its particularly dangerous nature, the way it is committed, or the extent of the benefit gained or intended, or when a large number of crimes have been committed.

§38 Anybody who deliberately during armed conflict unjustly acquires objects from a person who has been killed in war action shall be punished for robbery from a body with imprisonment for up to 18 months.
(2) The punishment can be extended to six years’ imprisonment when the crime is of a particularly grave nature, mainly because of the extent or the method.

RELEVANT ROME STATUTE PROVISIONS

Article 8
War crimes
2. For the purpose of this Statute, "war crimes" means:
(e) Other serious violations of the laws and customs applicable in armed conflicts not of an international character, within the established framework of international law, namely, any of the following acts:
(i) Intentionally directing attacks against the civilian population as such or against individual civilians not taking direct part in hostilities;
(ii) Intentionally directing attacks against buildings, material, medical units and transport, and personnel using the distinctive emblems of the Geneva Conventions in conformity with international law;
(iii) Intentionally directing attacks against personnel, installations, material, units or vehicles involved in a humanitarian assistance or peacekeeping mission in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, as long as they are entitled to the protection given to civilians or civilian objects under the international law of armed conflict;
(iv) Intentionally directing attacks against buildings dedicated to religion, education, art, science or charitable purposes, historic monuments, hospitals and places where the sick and wounded are collected, provided they are not military objectives;
(v) Pillaging a town or place, even when taken by assault;
(vi) Committing rape, sexual slavery, enforced prostitution, forced pregnancy, as defined in article 7, paragraph 2 (f), enforced sterilization, and any other form of sexual violence also constituting a serious violation of article 3 common to the four Geneva Conventions;
(vii) Conscripting or enlisting children under the age of fifteen years into armed forces or groups or using them to participate actively in hostilities;
(viii) Ordering the displacement of the civilian population for reasons related to the conflict, unless the security of the civilians involved or imperative military reasons so demand;
(ix) Killing or wounding treacherously a combatant adversary;
(x) Declaring that no quarter will be given;
(xi) Subjecting persons who are in the power of another party to the conflict to physical mutilation or to medical or scientific experiments of any kind which are neither justified by the medical, dental or hospital treatment of the person concerned nor carried out in his or her interest, and which cause death to or seriously endanger the health of such person or persons;
(xii) Destroying or seizing the property of an adversary unless such destruction or seizure be imperatively demanded by the necessities of the conflict