GENERAL PART

SECTION TWO. GROUNDS FOR LIABILITY

CHAPTER 5. GUILT

Article 21. Intentional Crime

A crime, completion of which is determined by an Article of this Code as a moment of execution of a socially dangerous act, shall be recognized intentional, if a person, who committed it, was aware of its dangerous nature and desired its commission.

A crime, completion of which is determined by an Article of this Code as a moment of emergence of socially dangerous consequences, may be committed with a direct or indirect intent.

A crime shall be recognized as committed with a direct intent, if a person who committed it, was aware of its socially dangerous consequences and desired their emergence.

A crime shall be recognized as committed with an indirect intent, if a person who committed it, was aware of its dangerous nature and of its socially dangerous consequences and intentionally allowed their emergence.

GENERAL PART

SECTION TWO. GROUNDS FOR LIABILITY

CHAPTER 5. GUILT

Article 20. Types of Guilt

A person, who intentionally or unintentionally committed a socially dangerous act envisaged by this Code, may be recognized guilty.


Article 21. Intentional Crime

A crime, completion of which is determined by an Article of this Code as a moment of execution of a socially dangerous act, shall be recognized intentional, if a person, who committed it, was aware of its dangerous nature and desired its commission.

A crime, completion of which is determined by an Article of this Code as a moment of emergence of socially dangerous consequences, may be committed with a direct or indirect intent.

A crime shall be recognized as committed with a direct intent, if a person who committed it, was aware of its socially dangerous consequences and desired their emergence.

A crime shall be recognized as committed with an indirect intent, if a person who committed it, was aware of its dangerous nature and of its socially dangerous consequences and intentionally allowed their emergence.


Article 22. Reckless Crime

A socially dangerous act committed by presumption or carelessness shall be recognized as a reckless crime.

A crime shall be recognized as committed by presumption, if a person who committed it, foresaw a possibility of emergence of socially dangerous and legally punishable consequences of his behavior, and, consciously ignoring proper precaution, groundlessly presumed that such consequences would not emerge.

A crime shall be recognized as committed by carelessness, if a person who committed it, did not foresee a possibility of emergence of socially dangerous and legally punishable consequences of his behavior, though he should have to and could have foreseen them.


Article 23. Compound Guilt

In the instance if, in result of commission of an intentional crime, the person, who committed it detriments recklessly other socially dangerous consequences causing stricter liability under law, such a crime shall be recognized as committed intentionally.


Article 24. Innocent Harm

An act shall be recognized as committed by innocence, if a person, who committed it, was not aware of, should not have not to and could not have realized a socially dangerous nature of his act, or did not foresee socially dangerous consequences thereof, and, according to circumstances of the case, should not have to and could not have foreseen them.

Article 30
Mental element
1. Unless otherwise provided, a person shall be criminally responsible and liable for punishment for a crime within the jurisdiction of the Court only if the material elements are committed with intent and knowledge.
2. For the purposes of this article, a person has intent where:
(a) In relation to conduct, that person means to engage in the conduct;
(b) In relation to a consequence, that person means to cause that consequence or is aware that it will occur in the ordinary course of events.
3. For the purposes of this article, "knowledge" means awareness that a circumstance exists or a consequence will occur in the ordinary course of events. "Know" and "knowingly" shall be construed accordingly.