GENERAL PART

Chapter II
Forms of Commission of an Offence

Article 18. § 1. Not only the person who has committed a prohibited act himself or together and
under arrangement with another person, but also a person who has directed the commission of a
prohibited act by another person, or taken advantage of the subordination of another person to him, orders such a person to commit such a prohibited act, shall be liable for perpetration.

GENERAL PART

Chapter II
Forms of Commission of an Offence

Article 18. § 1. Not only the person who has committed a prohibited act himself or together and
under arrangement with another person, but also a person who has directed the commission of a
prohibited act by another person, or taken advantage of the subordination of another person to him, orders such a person to commit such a prohibited act, shall be liable for perpetration.

§ 2. Whoever, willing that another person should commit a prohibited act, induces the person to
do so, shall be liable for instigating.

§ 3. Whoever, with an intent that another person should commit a prohibited act, facilitates by his
behaviour the commission of the act, particularly by providing the instrument, means of transport, or giving counsel or information, shall be liable for aiding and abetting. Furthermore, whoever, acting against a particular legal duty of preventing the prohibited act, facilitates its commission by another person through his omission, shall also be liable for aiding and abetting.

Article 19. § 1. The court shall impose the penalty for instigating, and aiding and abetting within
the limits of the sanction provided in law for perpetrating.

§ 2. In imposing the penalty for aiding and abetting, the court may apply extraordinary mitigation
of punishment.

Article 20. Each persons co-operating in the perpetration of a prohibited act shall be liable within
the limits of his intent or a lack of it, irrespective of the liability of others co-operating in the perpetration.

Article 25
Individual criminal responsibility
3. In accordance with this Statute, a person shall be criminally responsible and liable for punishment for a crime within the jurisdiction of the Court if that person:
(a) Commits such a crime, whether as an individual, jointly with another or through another person, regardless of whether that other person is criminally responsible.