Jump to:
SECTION ONE
CHAPTER 2. HUMAN AND CIVIL RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS
Article 49
1. Any person accused of committing a crime shall be considered innocent until his (her) guilt is proven in accordance with the procedure stipulated
by federal law and is confirmed by a court sentence which has entered into legal force.
2. The accused shall not be obliged to prove his (her) innocence.
3. Irremovable doubts about the guilt of a person shall be interpreted in favour of the accused.
SECTION ONE
CHAPTER 2. HUMAN AND CIVIL RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS
Article 51
1. Nobody shall be obliged to testify against him self, his (her) spouse or close relatives, the range of whom shall be determined by federal law.
2. Federal law may establish other cases where the obligation to give evidence may be lifted.
Article 67
Rights of the accused
1. In the determination of any charge, the accused shall be entitled to a public hearing, having regard to the provisions of this Statute, to a fair hearing conducted impartially, and to the following minimum guarantees, in full equality:
(i) Not to have imposed on him or her any reversal of the burden of proof or any onus of rebuttal