Book ONE
General Provisions on Crimes and Punishments

Part One
Crimes

Chapter Two
Crimes

Section Four

Participation in A Crime

The Perpetrators

Article (21):
Anyone who, by his conduct, leads to the realization of the elements of a crime, including anyone in flight found at the scene of the crime at the time of its occurrence is regarded as a perpetrator; anyone who carries out a crime as an irresponsible executioner is regarded as an intermediary perpetrator-this being applicable even if the intermediary perpetrator is lacking any of the characteristics called for by law for the perpetrator; and those who together carry out acts of a crime by common intent or negligence are regarded as perpetrators.