BOOK I
GENERAL PROVISIONS
TITLE v
ABETMENT AND CONSPIRACY
86. Abetment of offence and trial, and punishment of abettor.
(2) Whoever abets a crime or offence shall, if the same is actually committed in pursuance or during the con¬tinuance of the abetment, be deemed guilty of that crime or offence.
(3) Whoever abets a crime shall, if the crime is not actually committed, be punishable as follows, that is to say —
(a) if the commission of the crime is prevented by reason only of accident, or of circumstances or events independent of the will of the abettor, the abettor shall, where the crime abetted was murder, be liable to imprisonment for life, or shall, where the crime abetted was any crime other than murder, be punishable in the same manner as if the crime had been actually committed in pursuance of the abetment;
(b) in any other case the abettor shall, if the crime which he abetted was a felony, be deemed guilty of felony, or shall, if such crime was a misdemeanour, be deemed guilty of a misdemea¬nour.
(4) Whoever abets a crime or an offence shall be punishable on indictment or on summary conviction, according as he would be punishable for committing that crime or offence.
(5) An abettor may be tried before, with, or after a person abetted, and although the person abetted is dead or is otherwise not amenable to justice; and any number of abettors at different times to an offence may likewise be tried together.
(6) An abettor may be tried, before, with, or after any other abettor, whether he and such other abettor abetted each other in respect of the offence or not, and whether they abetted the same or different parts of the offence.
(7) An abettor shall have the benefit of any matter of exemption, justification or extenuation to which he is entitled under this Code, notwithstanding that the person abetted or any other abettor is not entitled to the like benefit.
(8) Whoever within the jurisdiction of the courts, abets the doing beyond the jurisdiction of an act which, if done within the jurisdiction, would be an offence shall be punishable as if he had abetted that offence .
Individual criminal responsibility
Abetting
EDIT.