Book ONE
General Provisions on Crimes and Punishments
Part One
Crimes
Chapter Two
Crimes
Section Four
Participation in A Crime
The Perpetrators
Article (21):
Anyone who, by his conduct, leads to the realization of the elements of a crime, including anyone in flight found at the scene of the crime at the time of its occurrence is regarded as a perpetrator; anyone who carries out a crime as an irresponsible executioner is regarded as an intermediary perpetrator-this being applicable even if the intermediary perpetrator is lacking any of the characteristics called for by law for the perpetrator; and those who together carry out acts of a crime by common intent or negligence are regarded as perpetrators.
Common purpose
Individual commission
Negligence
EDIT.