Netherlands

270 Act of 19 June 2003 containing rules concerning serious violations of international humanitarian law (International Crimes Act)

§ 2. Crimes
Section 5
4. Anyone who, in the case of an international armed conflict, intentionally and unlawfully commits one of the following acts shall be liable to a term of imprisonment not exceeding fifteen years or a fifth category fine:
(a) making the object of attack cultural property that is under enhanced protection as referred to in articles 10 and 11 of the Second Protocol, concluded in The Hague on 26 March 1999, to the Hague Convention of 1954 for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (Netherlands Treaty Series 1999, 107);
(b) using cultural property that is under enhanced protection as referred to in (a) or the immediate vicinity of such property in support of military action;
(c) destroying or appropriating on a large scale cultural property that is under the protection of the Convention, concluded in The Hague on 14 May 1954, for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (Netherlands Treaty Series 1955, 47) or the Second Protocol thereto;
(d) making cultural property that is under protection as referred to in (c) the object of attack; or
(e) theft, pillaging or appropriation of – or acts of vandalism directed against – cultural property under the protection of the Convention referred to in (c).

Keywords

Intentionally directing attacks against buildings dedicated to religion, education, art, science or charitable purposes, historic monuments, hospitals and places where the sick and wounded are collected - IAC



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