(5) An abettor may be tried before, with or after a person abetted, and although the person abetted be dead, or be otherwise not amenable to justice.
(6) An abettor may be tried before, with or after any other abettor, whether he and such other abettor abetted each other in respect of the crime or not, and whether they abetted the same or different parts of the crime.
(7) An abettor shall have the benefit of any matter of exemption, justification, or extenuation to which he is entitled under this Code, notwithstanding that the person abetted or any other abettor is not entitled to the like benefit.
(8) Every person who within the jurisdiction of the court abets the doing beyond the jurisdiction of an act which if done within the jurisdiction would be a crime, shall be punishable as if he had abetted that crime.
21.-(1) Where a person abets a particular crime, or abets a crime against or in respect of a particular person or thing, and the person abetted actually commits a different crime, or commits the crime against or in respect of a different person or thing, or in a manner different from that which was intended by the abettor, the following provisions shall have effect, namely-
(a) If it appears that the crime actually committed was not a probable consequence of the endeavour to commit, nor was substantially the same as the crime which the abettor intended to abet, nor within the scope of the abetment, the abettor shall be punishable for his abetment of the crime which he intended to abet in the manner provided by this Title for the punishment of crimes which are not actually committed.
In any other case the abettor shall be deemed to have abetted the crime which was actually committed, and shall be liable to punishment accordingly.
(2) If a person abets a riot, or unlawful assembly with the knowledge that unlawful violence is intended, or is likely to be used, he is guilty of abetting violence of any kind or degree which is committed by any other person in executing the purposes of the riot or assembly, although he did not expressly intend to abet violence of that kind or degree.
22. Every person who, knowing that a person designs to commit or is committing a felony, fails to use all reasonable means to prevent the commission or completion thereof, is guilty of a misdemeanour.
23. -(1) If two or more persons agree to commit or abet a crime, or act together with a common purpose in committing or abetting a crime, whether with or without any previous concert or deliberation, each of them is guilty of conspiracy to commit or abet that crime, as the case may be.
(2) If a person abets the commission of a crime by another person, and such other person in any manner assent to the abetment, each of them is guilty of conspiracy to commit such crime, although it be not a part of the design of either of them that the person abetting the other should take any part in or towards the preparing for or committing such crime.
(3) A person within the jurisdiction of the courts can be guilty of conspiracy by agreeing with another person who is beyond the jurisdiction for the commission or abetment of any crime to be committed by them or either of them, or any other person, either within or beyond the jurisdiction, and for the purposes of this subsection as to a crime to be committed beyond the jurisdiction, “crime” means any act which if done within the jurisdiction would be a crime under this Code or under any other law.
(4) A person shall not be guilty of conspiracy to commit or abet any crime if he is an intended victim of that crime.
(5) A person shall not be guilty of conspiracy to commit or abet any crime or crimes if the only other person or persons with whom he agrees are (both initially and at all times during the currency of the agreement) persons of any one or more of the following descriptions, that is to say-
(a) his spouse,
(b) a person exempted from criminal liability under section 25 (1),
(c) an intended victim of that crime or each of those crimes.
24.-(1) If two or more persons are guilty of conspiracy for the commission or abetment of any crime, each of them shall in case the crime be committed, be punished as for that crime according to the provisions of this Code, or shall in case the crime be not committed, be punished as if he had abetted that crime.
(2) Any court having jurisdiction to try a person for a crime shall have jurisdiction to try a person or persons charged with conspiracy to commit or abet that crime.
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