The Penal Code

State:Estonia
Date: June 6, 2001
Language:English
Status:Enacted
Version:PDF
Word

Relevant Keywords

Abetting
Age of criminal responsibility - national proceedings
Aggravating factors - national proceedings
Aggression
Aiding
Assisting
Attacking or bombarding towns, villages, dwellings or buildings which are undefended and which are not military objectives - IAC
Attempt
Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group
Civilian population - crimes against humanity
Command responsibility - national proceedings
Common purpose
Compelling a prisoner of war to serve in the forces of a hostile power - IAC
Compelling a protected person to serve in the forces of a hostile power - IAC
Compelling nationals of hostile party to take part in operations of war against their own country - IAC
Conditions of imprisonment / detention - international treaty standards
Conspiracy
Contribution
Corruptly influencing a witness, obstructing or interfering with the attendance or testimony of a witness, retaliating against a witness for giving testimony or destroying, tampering with or interfering with the collection of evidence
Crimes against humanity
Criminal responsibility of legal persons
Cruel treatment - NIAC
Customary international law
Declaring abolished, suspended or inadmissible in a court of law the rights and actions of the nationals of a hostile party - IAC
Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part
Determination of sentence - national proceedings
Early release - national proceedings
Employing asphyxiating, poisonous or other gases, and all analogous liquids, materials or devices - IAC
Employing bullets which flatten or expand - IAC
Employing poison or poisoned weapons - IAC
Employing weapons, projectiles and materials and methods of warfare which are inherently indiscriminate - IAC
Employing weapons, projectiles and materials and methods of warfare which cause superfluous injury or unnecessary suffering - IAC
Enforced prostitution - crimes against humanity
Enforcement of fines
Enforcement of forfeiture orders
Enforcement of national penalties - conditions of imprisonment
Enforcement of national penalties - fines
Enforcement of national penalties - forfeiture orders
Enforcement of national penalties - imprisonment
Enforcement of sentence of imprisonment
Enforcement of sentences imposed
Escape - national proceedings
Extensive appropriation of property - IAC
Extensive destruction of property - IAC
Fair trial standards
Forcible transfer of population - crimes against humanity
Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group
Forfeiture of assets - national proceedings
Gender
Genocide
Giving false testimony
Humiliating and degrading treatment - NIAC
Impeding, intimidating or corruptly influencing an official of the Court
Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group
Imprisonment - crimes against humanity
Improper use of the emblems of the Geneva Conventions - IAC
Incapacity - national proceedings
Incitement
Individual commission
Individual criminal responsibility
Inducing
Inhuman treatment - IAC
Insanity - national proceedings
Intent - national proceedings
Intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group
Intent to destroy, in whole or in part, other groups
Intentionally directing attacks against buildings dedicated to religion, education, art, science or charitable purposes, historic monuments, hospitals and places where the sick and wounded are collected - IAC
Intentionally directing attacks against buildings dedicated to religion, education, art, science or charitable purposes, historic monuments, hospitals and places where the sick and wounded are collected - NIAC
Intentionally directing attacks against civilian objects - IAC
Intentionally directing attacks against individual civilians not taking part in hostilities - IAC
Intentionally directing attacks against individual civilians not taking part in hostilities - NIAC
Intentionally directing attacks against personnel involved in a peacekeeping mission in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations - IAC
Intentionally directing attacks against personnel involved in a peacekeeping mission in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations - NIAC
Intentionally directing attacks against personnel involved in humanitarian assistance - IAC
Intentionally directing attacks against personnel involved in humanitarian assistance - NIAC
Intentionally directing attacks against personnel using the emblems of the Geneva Conventions - IAC
Intentionally directing attacks against personnel using the emblems of the Geneva Conventions - NIAC
Intentionally directing attacks against the civilian population - IAC
Intentionally launching attacks that will cause environmental damage - IAC
Intentionally launching attacks that will cause incidental damage to civilian objects - IAC
Intentionally launching attacks that will cause incidental loss of life or injury to civilians - IAC
Intoxication - national proceedings
Joint commission
Joint sentence following multiple convictions - national proceedings
Jurisdiction
Jurisdiction of custodial State or State where present
Killing members of the group
Killing or wounding a combatant who has laid down his arms and surrendered at discretion - IAC
Killing or wounding a combatant who no longer has means of defence and has surrendered at discretion - IAC
Knowledge - national proceedings
Mental disease or defect - national proceedings
Mental element
Mistake of fact - national proceedings
Mistake of law - national proceedings
Mitigating factors - national proceedings
Murder - NIAC
Murder - crimes against humanity
Mutilation - IAC
Mutilation - other serious violations of laws and customs of war - NIAC
Mutilation - serious violation of Common Article 3 - NIAC
National penalties
National penalties - aggression
National penalties - crimes against humanity
National penalties - genocide
National penalties - life imprisonment
National penalties - maximum penalty
National penalties - offences against the administration of justice
National penalties - war crimes
National prosecution for offences against the administration of justice
Nationality jurisdiction - national proceedings
Ne bis in idem
Ne bis in idem - State's own court
Ne bis in idem - foreign court
Necessity - national proceedings
Negligence
Non-prejudice to the rights of bona fide third parties in the enforcement of forfeiture orders
Non-retroactivity
Not affording judicial guarantees to the passing of sentences and the carrying out of executions - NIAC
Nulla poena sine lege
Nullum crimen sine lege
Offences against administration of justice
Omission
Ordering
Ordering displacement of the civilian population - NIAC
Other defences - national proceedings
Other forms of cooperation
Other inhumane acts - crimes against humanity
Other prohibited weapons - IAC
Outrages upon personal dignity - IAC
Outrages upon personal dignity - NIAC
Passive personality jurisdiction
Prohibited weapons - NIAC
Protected persons
Protective jurisdiction
Providing means
Rape - IAC
Rape - NIAC
Rape - crimes against humanity
Recklessness
Reduction of national sentence following pre-trial detention - national proceedings
Repatriation - IAC
Rights during investigation - not to be subjected to any form of coercion, duress or threat, to torture or to any other form of cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
Self-defence - national proceedings
Sentencing - national proceedings
Severe deprivation of physical liberty - crimes against humanity
Soliciting
Statute of limitations - national proceedings
Superior / subordinate relationship (civilian) - national proceedings
Superior / subordinate relationship (military) - national proceedings
Superior orders - national proceedings
Superior responsibility - national proceedings
Taking of hostages - IAC
Taking of hostages - NIAC
Territorial jurisdiction - national proceedings
Torture - IAC
Torture - NIAC
Torture - crimes against humanity
Transfer of forfeitures to the ICC
Transferring own civilians into occupied territory - IAC
Transferring population of an occupied territory - IAC
Unique provision - IAC
Unique provision - NIAC
Unique provision - defences
Unique provision - other crimes
Unique provision - war crimes
Universal jurisdiction
Unlawful confinement - IAC
Unlawful deportation - IAC
Unlawful transfer - IAC
Voluntary withdrawal
War crimes
Widespread or systematic attack - crimes against humanity
Wilful killing - IAC
Wilfully causing great suffering - IAC
Wilfully causing serious injury to body - IAC
Wilfully causing serious injury to health - IAC
Wilfully depriving a prisoner of war of the rights of fair and regular trial - IAC
Wilfully depriving a protected person of the rights of fair and regular trial - IAC